NOTE: It is worth noting here that the phrase "filthy lucre" first received popularity through Tyndale's early English translation of the Bible, which he published in 1525 in Cologne then in 1530 in Antwerp. Tyndale translated aiskhron kerdos, “shameful gain” (Titus 1:11), as filthy lucre. Tyndale is significant because he is one of the very first to attempt to make use of the vernacular for the distribution of the Bible, an act for which he was exiled from England and later executed at the stake in 1536.